I-Ethereum 2.0 (ebuye ibizwe ngokuthi i-Serenity) ibilokhu inathi kusukela kwethulwa ngo-December 2020 kwe-Beacon Chain. Kodwa-ke, kuzodingeka silinde isikhashana ukuqaliswa okuphelele kwe-ETH 2.0. Uma ufuna i-catalyst enkulu engakhuphula intengo ye-Ether (ETH), i-cryptocurrency yomdabu yenethiwekhi ye-Ethereum, ukuqaliswa kwe-Ethereum 2.0 kungase kube njalo. kube umcimbi obaluleke kakhulu owake waba ngowesibili kwabangcono kakhulu emhlabeni weBitcoin. Kulesi sihloko sikutshela lonke ulwazi oludingayo ukwazi nge-Ethereum 2.0: imininingwane, idethi yokukhishwa kanye nentengo engenzeka.
Iyini i-Ethereum 2.0?
I-Ethereum 2.0 iyisethi yentuthuko eyenziwa ku-Ethereum blockchain ukwenza inethiwekhi isebenze kahle, isheshe, ishibhile, ihlasele, ivikeleke futhi isimeme.. Lezi zibuyekezo bezilokhu zithuthukiswa kusukela ngo-2014 futhi zimelela inguquko enkulu ye-cryptocurrency yesibili ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Ake sibheke ukuthi iyini i-Serenity, noma i-Ethereum 2.0, nokuthi izibuyekezo zingaba bukhoma nini.
Kulabo abasanda kuhlanganyela emhlabeni wama-cryptocurrensets kanye ne-blockchain, i-Ethereum iyinethiwekhi enwetshiwe enikwa amandla ubuchwepheshe be-blockchain ekwenzeni izinkokhelo zedijithali. Njengoba sichaza kulesi sihloko mayelana namathokheni nama-altcoins, I-ETH ihlukile kuBitcoin (BTC) ngokuthi ikhodi ingakhiwa futhi ihlelwe kunethiwekhi yayo, inethiwekhi ye-blockchain ye-Ethereum, ukudala izinkontileka ezihlakaniphile nezicelo ezihlukaniselwe amazwe ezisebenza njalo, futhi ezingeke zisetshenziswe noma zilawulwe omunye umuntu. Leli qembu lihlanganisa amathokheni kanye nodumo oludabukisayo amashitcoins/ umkhonyovu osanda kuzamazama umhlaba we-crypto.
Ingabe i-Ethereum 2.0 izoba yi-cryptocurrency entsha?
I-Ethereum 2.0 ngeke ibe i-cryptocurrency entsha. Kumane kuyigama elisetshenziselwa ukubhekisela ekuthuthukisweni kwenethiwekhi ye-ETH. Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Ethereum 2.0, ukukhululwa okungafika ekuqaleni kwengxenye yesibili ye-2021, kuzozama ukuthuthukisa kakhulu inethiwekhi. Njengoba i-Ether ne-Ethereum ikhule ekuthandeni, inethiwekhi iye yagxila kakhulu ngokuthengiselana. Njengamanje, inethiwekhi ye-ETH ingakwazi ukuphatha phakathi kwe-15 ne-45 ukuthengiselana ngomzuzwana, okubonakala kuhlaba umxhwele, kodwa kunganele. Kuye kwaboniswa ngokugcwele ukuthi leli khono lokuphatha inethiwekhi ye-Ethereum ayanele ukuphatha bonke abasebenzisi be-Ethereum emhlabeni jikelele. Ukufunwa okuphezulu nakho kukhuphula igesi (okungukuthi, amanani) okwenziwayo.
I-Ethereum 2.0: intengo yamanje neyesikhathi esizayo
El iphepha elimhlophe I-Ethereum yanyatheliswa ngo-2013 futhi iphrojekthi yethulwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-2015. I-Ethereum iphrojekthi yomthombo ovulekile eqhutshwa umphakathi futhi iye yashintsha kancane kusukela ekuqaleni kwayo. NjengeBitcoin, i-Ethereum iyinethiwekhi ehlukaniselwe abantu, inethiwekhi yontanga eyenqaba ukucwaninga nokugadwa. Inhloso yephrojekthi ukuvumela ukufinyelela ezinsizeni zezezimali nezohwebo kubo bonke. Ikakhulukazi, i-Ethereum okwamanje iyi-blockchain esetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngo-2021 ibe nokukhula okulimazayo.
Intengo ye-Ethereum ikhuphuke isuka ku- $ 102 ngoMashi 2020 yafinyelela inani eliphakeme lama- $ 4300 ngoMeyi 2021, ukuze ime ku-2140 yamanje ngoJulayi 2021, ngaleso sikhathi esibhale ngaso lesi sihloko. Izibikezelo zentengo ze-Ethereum zesikhathi esizayo zika-2022 zisuka ku-$2.000 ziye ku-$2.0. Abahlaziyi abaningi bayavuma ukuthi ukuqaliswa kwe-Ethereum XNUMX. kuzoba yi-catalyst ebalulekile ezoshayela intengo ye-ETH. Umbuzo uwukuthi: ingabe lokhu umfutho ngentengo ye-ETH noma kuzoba ukuphakama kwesikhashana nje? Ngabe i-FOMO izowina noma iFUD izowina?
Enye yezinhlelo eziyinhloko ze-Ethereum 2.0 ukwenza inethiwekhi ihlaziywe kakhulu ukuze ikwazi ukuphatha wonke umsebenzi wenethiwekhi. Namuhla, i-Ethereum, njengamanye amanethiwekhi amaningi e-blockchain, isebenza ngamanodi, okuyinoma iyiphi idivayisi exhunywe ku-blockchain, okuhlanganisa amaseva, amakhompyutha, nomakhalekhukhwini. Amanodi axhumene futhi idatha ishintshaniswa njalo ukuze kugcinwe inethiwekhi isesikhathini. Kodwa ama-node kunethiwekhi ye-Ethereum okwamanje anevolumu enkulu kakhulu futhi abathuthukisi abasebenza ekuthuthukiseni banqume ukuthi ukwenza amanodi abe makhudlwana ngeke kusebenze.
Isethulo se-Ethereum 2.0
Ukunciphisa enye ingcindezi, abathuthukisi be-ETH 2.0. baphendukela kumqondo obizwa ngokuthi kuthuka lokho izodala amaketanga amasha angama-64 kunethiwekhi ye-Ethereum ukuze iqhubeke nokusabalalisa ivolumu. Ngamafuphi, lo mshini uzothatha inani elikhulu ledatha okwamanje egcinwe ku-Ethereum nodes futhi ihlukanise ngamaqembu amancane azogcinwa kudathabhesi eyengeziwe, ikhulule ingcindezi ohlelweni lwamanje futhi ivumele ukuthengiselana okwengeziwe ngomzuzwana. .
I-Ethereum 2.0 kanye nokuhlukaniswa
Ingxenye yokuhlukaniswa kwenqubo ibaluleke kakhulu futhi izokwenza inethiwekhi ivikeleke kakhulu futhi isimeme. Ukuhlukaniswa kuzovumela abasebenzisi abajwayelekile ukuthi basebenzise i-Ethereum kudivayisi yomuntu siqu, bandise abahlanganyeli benethiwekhi futhi benze i-blockchain ye-Ethereum ihlukaniseke kakhulu ngoba kuzoba nabasebenzisi abaningi. Uma abasebenzisi abaningi kanye nama-node amaningi, kuzoba nzima kakhulu kubaduni ukuthatha ingxenye enkulu yenethiwekhi.
I-Ethereum 2.0 staking: sala kahle emayini
Nabaningi ababambiqhaza kunethiwekhi, I-Ethereum 2.0 iphinde ihlele ukubeka eceleni izimayini zamathokheni, edla amandla amaningi, ukuze idlule inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-staking. Ingxenye enkulu ye-cryptocurrency ibilokhu ingumqondo obizwa ngokuthi izimayini, lapho abantu abazama ukuthola amathokheni amasha basebenzisa amakhompyutha anamandla amakhulu ukuxazulula izibalo eziyinkimbinkimbi zezibalo ngokushesha okukhulu. Njengoba isidingo se-cryptocurrensets senyukile, abavukuzi kuye kwadingeka basebenzise inani elimangalisayo lamandla e-computing ngakho-ke amandla okwenza amathokheni amasha. Nansi enye yezinguquko ezinkulu kakhulu - izimayini ze-crypto zingase zibe yinto yesikhathi esidlule. Eqinisweni, ngo-July walo nyaka sakufunda lokho sekuvele kunezigidi eziyisithupha ze-ETH ku-Ethereum 2.0 staking.
Nge-ETH 2.0, sharding kuzosiza ekuqedeni izimayini. Esikhundleni salokho, i-Ethereum 2.0 izophendukela ku-staking, inqubo lapho abanikazi be-Ether begcina inombolo ethile yamathokheni kuphothifoliyo ye-crypto kudivayisi yabo yomuntu siqu, bese besebenzisa lawo mathokheni ukuze baqinisekise futhi benze amathokheni e-Ether amasha. Kule nyanga efanayo sifunde ukuthi ibhange laseSwitzerland selivele linikezela nge-ETH 2.0. Ukushintshela ku-Ethereum 2.0 kungenza inethiwekhi cishe i-100% isebenzise amandla amaningi.
Okokugcina, uma zonke lezi ntuthuko seziqhubeka, i-Ethereum izokwazi ukwenza ukukhishwa okubanzi kokwenziwa kwenkontileka ehlakaniphile. Izinkontileka ezihlakaniphile ziyazenzakalela, izinkontileka ezihleliwe ezingakwazi ukuguqulwa ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi zenziwa ngaphandle kwesidingo senkampani yangaphandle ukwenza kanjalo. Ngokwesibonelo, kungase kusethwe inkontileka ehlakaniphile ukuze kuqashwe umnikazi wendawo kanye nesiqashi, lapho kusayinwa khona inkontileka bese imali yesiqashi ithunyelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kumninindlu inyanga ngayinye, ngaphandle kokungqubuzana okuvamile kulobu budlelwano.
I-ETH 2.0: ikuphi inqubo?
Nakuba bekulokhu ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kusukela ngo-2014, i-Ethereum 2.0 ibilokhu iqhubekela phambili kancane, kancane kodwa ngokuqinisekile.
1. I-Beacon Chain
NgoZibandlela wezi-2020, kwethulwa isigaba 0, esidlala i-Beacon Chain, eyethula umqondo wokubekwa kwesiteki. Nokho, uchungechunge lwebhikhoni ngeke lukwazi ukusetshenziswa kuze kube yilapho ezinye izingxenye zenguquko ziba bukhoma, yingakho lubizwa ngokuthi "isigaba 0" sohlelo.
2. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Beacon Chain ne-Ethereum Blockchain
Isigaba esilandelayo, isigaba 1, sizohlanganisa ukuhlanganisa i-Beacon Chain nenethiwekhi yamanje ye-Ethereum blockchain, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-mainnet. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, izimayini zamathokheni e-Ethereum zizophela ngokusemthethweni futhi ukubamba iqhaza kuzoba indlela eyinhloko yokwakha amathokheni amasha.
3. Ukwanda komthamo wenethiwekhi ye-Ethereum 2.0
Ingxenye yokugcina yenguquko, okulindeleke ukuthi ivuleke ngezigaba eziningi, ukungezwa kwamaketanga e-chunk ukunikeza inethiwekhi ye-Ethereum amandla amaningi okusingatha zonke izidingo nokwandisa ukuthengiselana ngomzuzwana. Lokhu kulindeleke ukuthi kwenzeke ngesinye isikhathi ngo-2022, yize okwamanje akwaziwa ukuthi nini. Ukwethulwa kochungechunge lwe-Beacon kumelele ingqopha-mlando futhi abathuthukisi be-Ethereum babonakala bekhuthazekile futhi besendleleni yokuqedela ukuguqulwa okugcwele, kodwa kube umgwaqo omude futhi kusekhona inani elifanelekile lokungaqiniseki elizungeze isikhathi.
I-Eth 2.0: Sizokhishwa nini isigaba 1?
Ukwethulwa okuphelele kwe-Ethereum 2.0 kufanele kube. Kuzokwenzeka engxenyeni yesibili ka-2021, kodwa kungase kungenzeki kuze kube u-2022. Uma kwenzeka, uchungechunge lweBhekhoni luzoba nokusebenza okugcwele. Isibuyekezo sesigaba 1 se-Ethereum 2.0 sizohlukanisa i-Ethereum blockchain ibe ngamaketanga angama-64, okuvumela ukucubungula okufanayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukubambezeleka okwenzeka ekucubunguleni okuqondile nge-blockchain eyodwa.
Lapho u-sharding sekwenziwe ngokugcwele, iketango le-Beacon ekugcineni lizosebenza njengesisekelo se-blockchain ye-Ethereum., ukuhlinzeka ngokulungiswa kanye nesiphetho semisebenzi eyenzekayo kumaketango e-chunk. Nokho, lezi zici zeSigaba 0 kanye neSigaba 1 ngeke zisebenze ndawonye kuze kube yizigaba ezilandelayo: Isigaba 1.5 neSigaba sesi-2.
I-Ethereum 2.0: ingabe izofaneleka ukulinda?
Uma isebenza kahle, i-Ethereum 2.0 ingashintsha ngokuphelele imithetho yomdlalo. Izodala inethiwekhi engacubungula okwenziwayo okungu-100.000 ngomzuzwana. Izophinde idale inethiwekhi esimeme kakhulu ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa ngamandla kwamandla ezimayini futhi yethule izinkontileka ezihlakaniphile emhlabeni jikelele, okwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-Ethereum emhlabeni wangempela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsunguli we-Ethereum u-Vitalik Buterin uthe ukukhishwa kwamathokheni amasha kufanele kuncishiswe kakhulu nge-Ethereum 2.0, engandisa isidingo. Uma ucabangela zonke lezi zici, ukulinda i-Ethereum 2.0 kufanele kuwufanele.
Ingabe i-Ethereum 2.0 izodumazeka?
Engxoxweni yakamuva nezindaba ze-Forkast, u-Vitalik Buterin, ingqondo ekhaliphile ngemuva kwe-Ethereum blockchain, ibonise ukuthi abasebenzi abasebenza no-Ethereum babeka inselele enkulu kunepulatifomu ngokwayo. Ngokusho kwe-athikili yakamuva ye-CoinTelegraph, ekhangayo njengoba ukuqalisa okusha kungase kubonakale, izibuyekezo zesofthiwe ezizosetshenziswa ngeke zixazulule izinkinga zesikhathi eside zenethiwekhi eziye zayivimbela ekufinyeleleni ezindaweni eziphakeme uButerin nabalandeli bakhe ababezicabange.
Njengamanje i-Ethereum isebenzisa indlela yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza (i-PoW) evumela kuphela ukuthengiselana okungaba ngu-15 ngomzuzwana - cishe isivinini esiphindwe kabili kune-blockchain ye-Bitcoin (BTC) - futhi ibhekwa njengento engenakwenzeka ekusunguleni i-ecosystem yezezimali (i-DeFi). ngezinga elikhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, izimali zegesi ye-Ethereum ziphakeme kakhulu. Njengoba kukhona okwenziwayo okumbalwa ngomzuzwana, izindleko zokuzicubungula ngokushesha ziba ngokuncintisana. Ngokusho kwe-Dune Analytics, phakathi kuka-2 no-5% wemisebenzi yokuhwebelana okusekelwe e-Ethereum (DEX) yehlulekile ngenxa yezinkinga ezifana namanani aphansi egesi.
Izinkinga ze-ETH 2.0
Izinguquko zakamuva ku-Ethereum zihloselwe ukuba zivumelane nemvelo ngenkathi kusheshisa ukucubungula ukuthengiselana. Ngokungeziwe kulokhu kuthuthukiswa, ulimi lohlelo lwe-blockchain kulindeleke ukuthi luguquke lusuke emshinini ojwayelekile we-Ethereum (EVM) luye kolungasetshenziswa onjiniyela abasebenzisa i-C ++ noma i-Rust, lula ukufaka amakhodi ngokuqondile esipheqululini. Nakuba ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda kungaba usizo ngezindlela ezithile, njengokwenyusa izinga lokwenziwa komsebenzi, kuyasilela kwezinye, ngokusho kweCoinTelegraph.
Okokuqala, i-Ethereum 2.0 ibilokhu ithuthukiswa iminyaka, okwenza abasebenzisi abaningi bazibuze ukuthi isibuyekezo esigcwele sizotholakala nini. Nakuba ubufakazi be-stake buklanyelwe ukunciphisa izindleko zezimayini kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi kungakhula kuphela uma izikhathi zokuvimba kanye / noma ama-block sizes ancishisiwe, bakhomba esihlokweni. Futhi, ukuhlukanisa kuwusizo kuphela ezinhlelweni ezingasebenza ngokuzimela futhi ezidinga ukuvumelanisa ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela. Ngokusho kweCoinTelegraph:
"Ngenxa yokwahlukaniswa kwezindawo kanye nemvelo yomthombo ovulekile we-DeFi, ukucutshungulwa kwesitayela se-sharding kuzodinga ukuthi ukuthengiselana kudluliselwe ochungechungeni lokudluliselwa, okuzobambezela yonke inqubo."
Futhi, uma kuziwa ekuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi, i-Ethereum isemuva kakhulu, okuthile ukubuyekezwa kwe-Eth 2.0 okusafanele kulungiswe. Nakuba i-Ethereum ithi izokhipha izithuthukisi ezizosiza isivinini sokucubungula ukuthengiselana kanye namazinga aphezulu egesi, isisekelo sibonisa ukunganaki okucacile kokukhathazeka kokuklama nokusetshenziswa. Uma zicatshangelwa, Lokhu kuzovumela inombolo enkulu yabasebenzisi ukuthi bazuze kusixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula se-Ethereum.
I-Cointelegraph iyangabaza ngezinkinga ze-Ethereum entsha
Enye inselele i-CoinTelegraph ekhomba ukuthi ukuthengiselana kwamanje kunezikhathi ezinde zokuqinisekisa, okuvame ukuholela ekubambezelekeni, ukuthumela ukuthengiselana okuhambisanayo nemilayezo yokuqinisekisa, ngaphezu kobunzima bepharamitha eqhubekayo yesilinganiso segesi. Ezikhathini eziningi, umsebenzisi akasitholi isiqinisekiso ngokushesha ngemva kokuqeda umsebenzi, okwenza ungazi ukuthi umamukeli ukutholile yini okwenziwe noma cha. Lokhu kuyinto exakile futhi ekhungathekisayo yomsebenzisi kubantu abajwayele imiphumela esheshayo kuwebhu, njengezimo ze-e-commerce. Ngempela kubonakala kuyinselele ukuthi i-ETH 2.0 izokwazi ukukulungisa lokhu.
I-Ethereum ingase ibe yi-crypto eyintandokazi emhlabeni we-blockchain (sibonga insiza yayo enkulu kune-Bitcoin), kodwa i-CoinTelegraph iveza ukuthi ingxabano ephakanyiswa isibuyekezo sika-Ethereum osekunesikhathi eside ilindelwe ingase ibe yinde futhi ibe nokulindelwe okukhulu. Akucaci ukuthi izinguquko ezihleliwe zizokwazi yini ukugcina izithembiso zabaphathi abaphezulu e-Ethereum Foundation. "Akunakwenzeka ukuthi i-Eth 2.0 izokwenza umehluko omkhulu kunoma ubani ongaphandle komphakathi wase-Ethereum, ngaphandle uma i-Ethereum ingakwazi ukuxazulula ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu eziphakamayo," basho kusukela kuwebhusayithi ye-cryptocurrency, futhi bagweba: " Okwamanje, i-Ethereum I-2.0 iyi-tweak yezimonyo kunoshintsho lomdlalo oludingeka kakhulu. "
I-China ivimba u-Binance futhi iqhubeka nempi yayo ku-crypto ngokuvala inkampani kanye ne-NGO
Isipiliyoni somsebenzisi we-Ethereum: Indawo enkulu yokuthuthukiswa
Umklamo ompofu womsebenzisi (i-UX) ungenye inkinga enkulu ebhekene ne-platform ye-Ethereum, nakuba ngokuvamile inganakwa. Ngenxa yalokho, abasebenzisi abaningi abangaba nentshisekelo yokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimali ezinwetshiwe (DApps) noma imakethe yamathokheni engabonakali (i-NFT), ngokwesibonelo, izogwema ukwenza kanjalo ngoba izixhumanisi eziningi zomsebenzisi azigcini nje ngokunembile, kodwa futhi azinazo izinsiza zemfundo ezanele zokufundisa abasebenzisi ukusebenzisa inkundla.
Abasebenzisi kulindeleke ukuthi bacacise izindleko zomsebenzi kanye nemikhawulo yegesi ekucubungulweni kwentengo yentengo yegesi. Kodwa bangaki abathengi abakwaziyo lokhu ngaphandle kokungena ekujuleni kwe-cryptocurrency jargon kanye nedatha? Ngokusho kwe-Insider Intelligence, u-25% wabantu abadala e-United States abaqondi noma abazi ukuthi bangatshala kanjani izimali zedijithali. Ngaphandle kokufinyelela kumathuluzi afanele okufundisa, Abasebenzisi kufanele bazi kanjani, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi ukwenza inkokhelo kusuka kumawalethi amabili ahlukene kuya ekhelini lokwamukela elifanayo angeke kubangele ukungqubuzana kwe-nonces? Iningi labasebenzisi abavamile, ngokungenzeka, lingazi nhlobo ngale nkinga kwasekuqaleni.
