Parece que China no es el único gobierno que quiere plantarle cara a Bitcoin. Europa quiere rastrear todas las operaciones con criptomonedas. Para ello, la Comisión Europea ha presentado esta semana una propuesta legislativa que contempla exigir a los exchanges de criptomonedas como Binance que incluyan los datos personales de sus clientes. Ngalo mthetho, futhi ekuphishekeleni ukucaca okukhulu nokulandeleka kwezinkokhelo ze-crypto, i Izikhwama Ama-akhawunti angaziwa azovinjelwa e-EU (lapho ama-akhawunti asebhange angaziwa asevinjelwe khona).
I-Europe vs Bitcoin
Nakuba i-Europe isivele inemithetho yokulwa nokushushumbiswa kwemali, imithetho ehlongozwayo kuleli sonto izokwandisa ukuthi i-bureaucracy "yonke imboni ye-cryptocurrency, iphoqelela bonke abahlinzeki benkonzo ukuba benze ngokucophelela namakhasimende abo," ngokusho kwesitatimende esimemezele kuleli sonto yi-European Commission. Izikhulu futhi zifuna ukukhawulela zonke izinkokhelo zemali kuma-euro ayi-10.000 kuwo wonke Amazwe Angamalungu, okuzokwenza kube nzima ukuhambisa amanani amakhulu emali. Amazwe e-EU anemikhawulo ephansi azokwazi ukuyigcina.
UMairead McGuinness, uKhomishana waseYurophu obhekele Izinsizakalo Zezezimali, Ukuzinza Kwezezimali kanye Nenyunyana Yezimakethe Zemali:
"Ukukhwabanisa kwemali kuwusongo olucacile nolukhona manje ezakhamuzini, ezikhungweni zentando yeningi kanye nohlelo lwezezimali"
“Izinga lenkinga angeke lithathwe kancane futhi kumele kuvalwe izintuba ezingase zixhaswe yizigebengu. Iphakethe lanamuhla liqinisa kakhulu imizamo yethu yokuvimbela imali engcolile ukuthi ingasaleli ohlelweni lwezezimali. "
I-European Commission vs Bitcoin
Ikhomishana iphakamise ukuthi kwakhiwe i-Anti-Money Laundering Authority (AMLA) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iyalandelwa le mithethonqubo. Lolu phiko luzosebenzisana ngqo nezikhungo zezezimali futhi izoqapha "ezinye zezikhungo zezezimali eziyingozi kakhulu ezisebenza ngenani elikhulu lamaZwe angamaLungu noma ezidinga isinyathelo esisheshayo ukubhekana nezingozi ezizayo".
"Yonke ihlazo elisha lokushushumbisa imali ingenye ihlazo, futhi isixwayiso sokuthi umsebenzi wethu wokuvala izikhala ohlelweni lwethu lwezezimali awukapheli," kusho uValdis Dombrovskis, uKhomishana Wezohwebo we-EU.
'Sihambe ibanga elide eminyakeni yamuva futhi imithetho yethu ye-EU [emelene nokushushumbiswa kwemali] manje isiphakathi kwemithetho eqinile emhlabeni. Kodwa manje zidinga ukusetshenziswa ngokungaguquki futhi ziqashwe eduze ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ziyahlangatshezwa. Yingakho namuhla sithatha lezi zinyathelo ezinesibindi zokuvala umnyango mayelana nokushushumbiswa kwemali kanye vimbela izigebengu ukuthi zingafaki izikhwama zazo ngezinto ezizithole ngokungalungile".
I-China ivimba u-Binance futhi iqhubeka nempi yayo ku-crypto ngokuvala inkampani kanye ne-NGO
Izinguquko ezimbili ezinkulu ezihlongozwe yi-EU mayelana ne-cryptocurrencies
Idatha yomuntu siqu yabasebenzisi be ukuhwebelana
Izinguquko ezihlongozwayo emthethweni we-EU zizophoqa izinkampani ezidlulisela i-Bitcoin noma ezinye izimpahla ze-crypto ukuthi ziqoqe idatha mayelana nomamukeli nomthumeli. Ngokusho kwe-European Commission, iziphakamiso bangenza izimpahla ze-crypto zilandeleke kakhudlwana futhi zisize ukunqanda ukushushumbiswa kwemali kanye noxhaso lwamaphekula.
Ngaphansi kweziphakamiso, inkampani edlulisela izimpahla ze-crypto zeklayenti kuzodingeka ukuthi ifake igama layo, ikheli, usuku lokuzalwa, nenombolo ye-akhawunti, kanye negama lomamukeli.
Ukuphela kwe Izikhwama engaziwa
Imithetho emisha izophinde ikwenqabele ukunikeza ama-crypto wallet angaziwa. Iziphakamiso zingase zithathe iminyaka emibili ukuthi zibe umthetho. Ikhomishana iphikise kuleli sonto ukuthi ukudluliswa kwempahla ye-crypto kufanele kube ngaphansi kwemithetho efanayo yokulwa nokusetshenziswa kwemali njengokudluliselwa kwezintambo.
"Kunikezwe Ukudluliswa kwempahla ebonakalayo kungaphansi kokukhwabanisa imali kanye nezingozi zezimali zamaphekula ezifana nalezo zokudluliswa kwemali ngezintambo.… Ngakho-ke, kubonakala kunengqondo ukusebenzisa ithuluzi lomthetho ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga ezifanayo, 'kubhala iKhomishana.
Ngenkathi abanye abahlinzeki besevisi ye-crypto asset sebevele bembozwe yimithetho emelene nokushushumbiswa kwemali, iziphakamiso ezintsha 'bezonweba le mithetho kuwo wonke umkhakha we-cryptocurrency, okuphoqa bonke abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo ukuthi basebenzise ngokucophelela kumakhasimende abo, 'kuchaza iKhomishana.
UDavid Gerard, umbhali we Ukuhlaselwa kwe-50 Foot Blockchain, umemezele ukuthi lo mthethonqubo "uhlose kuphela ukusebenzisa imithetho ekhona kuma-cryptocurrencies, esebenza kusukela ngo-2019", njengoba singakwazi ukufunda ku-BBC. Futhi uyaqhubeka: "uma ufuna ukwenza imali yangempela, kufanele ulandele imithetho yemali yangempela." UGerard ukholelwa ukuthi, nakuba kuwuchungechunge lweziphakamiso zaseYurophu, umthelela wazo ungahamba phambili kakhulu.
I-France isivele ihlongoze kule nyanga ukunikeza amandla engeziwe ku-European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA), esizinze e-Paris, futhi siyenze ibe nesibopho sokugadwa kwemali ye-crypto ku-EU yonkana. Abalawuli baseFrance bakholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi ama-cryptocurrencies adinga ukulawulwa kwe-EU-wide.
Ukuze zibe umthetho, iziphakamiso zizodinga isivumelwano samazwe angamaLungu kanye nePhalamende laseYurophu. Uma i-Europe iqhubeka nomthetho ohlongozwayo, kulindeleke ukuthi uqale ukusebenza kusukela ngo-2024.
