DeFi: wax kasta oo aad u baahan tahay inaad ka ogaato kacaanka maaliyadeed ee baahsan

DeFi waa cadhada oo dhan (weydii Shabakadda Poly). DeFi waxay u soo gaaban tahay 'maalin baahsan', erey ka kooban dhowr codsiyo maaliyadeed oo cryptocurrency ama blockchain enfocadas en la eliminación de los intermediarios financieros tradicionales. Incluidos préstamos bancarios o de entidades tipo Cofidis o Cetelem. Esta semana, ADA Cardano ha dado un paso de gigante en la implantación de los qandaraasyo qoto dheer que nutrirán su propia red DeFi, lista para competir con la de la todopoderosa Ethereum. Ayer mismo, el CEO de Twitter, Jack Dorsey, le dio un nuevo espaldarazo a esta tecnología al anunciar que Square lanzará una plataforma para que los desarrolladores creen proyectos de «finanzas descentralizadas» construidas sobre Bitcoin. ¿Qué significa esto? A continuación en Cafe con Leche te lo explicamos. No te pierdas, al final del artículo, Liiska leh lacagaha ugu muhiimsan ee loo yaqaan 'cryptocurrencies' iyo calaamadaha DeFi ee 2021.

Waa maxay DeFi?

Shabakadda Poly waxa ay haysataa Hack DeFi-ga ugu Wayn ee abid la duubo

Aan ku laabano Dorsey, oo shalay sharxay waxa uu damacsan yahay inuu ku gaaro isdhexgalka nidaamka DeFi ee Square: Isla mawduuca Twitter-ka ee uu ku dhawaaqay, Dorsey wuxuu sheegay in Square uu qorsheeyay inuu abuuro "ganacsi cusub" oo leh "ujeeddada fududeeyo abuurista adeegyo maaliyadeed oo aan hayn, oggolaansho la'aan iyo maamul baahsan », maxay noqon lahayd mid ka mid ah mashaariicda waaweyn ee ugu horreeya ee noocan ah ee suuqa bilowga ah.

Micno la'aan, Dorsey waxay na siisay qeexitaan cajiib ah oo kooban waxa DeFi yahay.

DeFi se inspira en la cadena de bloques, la tecnología que está detrás de la moneda digital Bitcoin, que waxay u ogolaataa hay'ado badan inay haystaan ​​nuqulka taariikhda wax kala iibsiga, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in aan laga maamulin hal il dhexe. Tani waa, laga yaabaa, dhinaca ugu aasaasiga ah iyo game-beddele maaliyadda baahsan sababtoo ah, ka duwan waxa ku dhaca shabakadaha DeFi, Nidaamyada dhexe iyo irid-ilaaliyeyaasha bini'aadamku waxay xaddidi karaan xawaaraha iyo casriyeynta wax kala iibsiga waxayna siin karaan isticmaalayaasha si aan toos ahayn inay u xakameeyaan lacagtooda.

Qandaraasyada casriga ah: ADA Cardano waxay soo gabagabaynaysaa soo degisteeda adduunka DeFi

Maxay DeFi aad muhiim ugu tahay?

DeFi waxay gooni u dhigtaa iyada oo la ballaarinayo isticmaalka blockchain ka wareejinta fudud ee qiyamka kiisaska isticmaalka maaliyadeed ee adag.

Bitcoin iyo hanti kale oo badan oo dhijitaalka ah ayaa kaga duwan hababka lacag bixinta dhijitaalka ah ee dhaxalka u ah, sida Visa iyo PayPal, taas ka saar dhammaan dhexdhexaadiyeyaasha wax kala iibsiga. Markaad ku bixiso kaarka deynta ee kafeega makhaayadda, hay'ad maaliyadeed ayaa u dhexeysa adiga iyo ganacsiga, iyada oo la xakameynayo wax kala iibsiga, ilaalinta awoodda si ay u joojiso ama u hakiso oo ku duubto buuggeeda gaarka ah. Iyadoo bitcoin iyo cryptos kale, hay'adahaas ayaa ka baxsan ciyaarta.

Iibka tooska ah maaha nooca kaliya ee wax kala iibsiga ama qandaraaska ay kormeeraan shirkado waaweyn oo hadda ku xiran kacaanka DeFi: codsiyada maaliyadeed, sida deyn, caymis, lacag ururin, derivatives, khamaarka iyo kuwa kale ayaa iyagana hoos yimaada. Ka takhalusidda dhexdhexaadiyeyaasha dhammaan noocyada wax kala iibsiga waa mid ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee DeFi.

Ka hor inta aan loo aqoonin maaliyadda baahsan, fikradda DeFi waxaa badanaa loo tixraacaa "maalin furan."

defi ethereum
Gobolka Ethereum DeFi Ecosystem

Codsiyada Ethereum DeFi

Inta badan codsiyada isku magacaabay "DeFi" waxay ku dhisan yihiin shabakadaha Ethereum, la segunda plataforma de criptomonedas más grande del mundo. ETH, que está a punto de lanzar su actualización Ethereum 2.0., se diferencia de la plataforma Bitcoin en que es más fácil de usar para construir otros tipos de aplicaciones descentralizadas más allá de las simples transacciones. Estos casos de uso financiero más complejos fueron incluso destacados por el creador de Ethereum, Vitalik Buterin, en 2013 en el libro blanco original de Ethereum.

Sorare: ururinta istiikarada ciyaartoyga kubbada cagta waxay noqotay hiwaayad aad qaali u ah

Esto se debe a que la plataforma de Ethereum para contratos inteligentes (o qandaraasyo caqli badan, heshiisyada labada dhinac oo si toos ah u fulinaya macaamil ganacsi haddii shuruudaha qaarkood la buuxiyo) waxay bixisaa dabacsanaan aad uga badan Bitcoin. Luqadaha barnaamijka Ethereum, sida Solidity, ayaa si gaar ah loogu talagalay in la abuuro oo la geeyo qandaraasyada caqliga leh.

Tusaale ahaan, Aynu nidhaahno isticmaaluhu wuxuu rabaa in lacagtooda loo diro saaxiibkii Talaadada soo socota, laakiin waa haddii heerkulku ka sarreeyo 35 digrii centigrade marka loo eego weather.com. Xeerarkan waxaa lagu qori karaa qandaraas caqli-gal ah.

Con los contratos inteligentes como núcleo, docenas de aplicaciones DeFi funcionan en Ethereum, algunas de las cuales exploraremos a continuación en este artículo. Ethereum 2.0, la próxima actualización de la red subyacente de Ethereum, podría dar un impulso a estas aplicaciones al reducir los problemas de escalabilidad de Ethereum.

Waa maxay Ethereum 2.0 iyo goorma ayaa la sii deyn doonaa?

Astaamaha codsiyada DeFi ee ugu caansan iyo kuwa la isticmaalo

Qalabka DeFi ee ugu Fiican iyo Apps 20201

Isweydaarsiga Baahsan (DEX)

Isweydaarsiga khadka tooska ah wuxuu ka caawiyaa isticmaaleyaasha inay ku beddelaan lacagaha kuwa kale, ha ahaato US dollar Bitcoin ama ether ee DAI. DEXs waa nooc aad caan u ah isweydaarsiga, oo si toos ah ugu xidha dadka isticmaala si ay u kala ganacsadaan cryptocurrencies iyaga oo aan lacagtooda ku aamini karin dhexdhexaadiye.

Stablecoins

Lacagta cryptocurrency oo lagu dhejiyay hanti ka baxsan cryptocurrency (tusaale ahaan dollarka ama Euro) si loo dejiyo qiimaha.

Goobaha amaahda

Goobahani waxay isticmaalaan qandaraasyo caqli-gal ah si ay u beddelaan dhexdhexaadiyeyaasha, sida bangiyada, kuwaas oo maamula deymaha dhexdooda.

Bitcoins "ku duuban" (Duubtay BTC, WBTC)

Habka loogu diro Bitcoin shabakada Ethereum si Bitcoin si toos ah loogu isticmaalo nidaamka Ethereum DeFi. WBTC-yadu waxay u ogolaadaan isticmaaleyaasha inay kasbadaan dulsaar Bitcoin-ka ay ku amaahiyaan meelaha amaahinta ee baahsan ee lagu sharraxay.

Suuqyada saadaalinta

Dukaamada sharadka? Kuwani waa suuqyo lagu sharadinayo natiijada dhacdooyinka mustaqbalka, sida natiijada ciyaarta kubbadda cagta ama doorashada siyaasadda. Ujeedada noocyada DeFi ee suuqyada saadaasha waa in la bixiyo shaqo isku mid ah laakiin aan lahayn dhexdhexaadiye.

Codsiyada cusub ee DeFi si aad lacag u hesho

Beeritaanka beeraha

Ganacsatada khibradda leh ee doonaya inay halis galiyaan, waxaa jira beero wax-soo-saar, kaas oo isticmaalayaashu ay sahamiyaan calaamado kala duwan oo DeFi ah si ay u helaan fursado ay ku kasbadaan soo-celin sare.

Macdanta dareeraha ah

Marka apps DeFi ay soo jiitaan isticmaaleyaasha madalkooda iyagoo siinaya calaamado bilaash ah. Tani waxa ay ahayd nooca ugu caansan ee wax-soo-saarka beeraha.

Waafaqid

Barnaamijyada DeFi waa il furan, taas oo macnaheedu yahay Koodhka iyaga ka dambeeya waa mid dadweynaha u furan qof kasta si uu u arko. Sidan oo kale, codsiyadan waxaa loo isticmaali karaa "in lagu sameeyo" codsiyo cusub oo leh koodka dhismaha.

Legos lacag

Si aad si kale ugu sharaxdo fikradda "isku-dhafka" Barnaamijyada DeFi waa sida Legos, qalabka ay carruurtu ku ciyaaraan ee ay ku wada dhistaan ​​dhismayaal, gaadiid, iwm. Codsiyada DeFi waxaa loola xiriirin karaa si la mid ah sida "lacagta caadiga ah" si loo dhiso alaab maaliyadeed oo cusub.

Amaahda lacagta DeFi

Suuqyada amaahda waa nooc caan ah oo DeFi ah, oo isku xidha dadka u baahan lacag ama deyn (amaah-qaadayaasha) amaah-bixiyeyaasha cryptocurrency. Madal sida Compound, kaas oo u oggolaanaya dadka isticmaala inay amaahdaan cryptocurrencies ama bixiyaan deyn iyaga u gaar ah. Isticmaalayaashu waxay lacag ka heli karaan dulsaarka amaahda lacagtooda. Compound wuxuu dejiyaa heerka dulsaarka algorithmically, markaa haddii ay jirto baahi sare oo amaahda cryptocurrency, heerka dulsaarka ayaa noqon doona mid sare.

Amaahda DeFi waa dammaanad ku salaysan, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in si deyn loo qaato, isticmaaluhu waa inuu dhigaa dammaanad (badanaa ether, calaamadda awood u leh Ethereum). Taas macnaheedu waa Isticmaalayaasha ma bixiyaan aqoonsigooda ama dhibcaha credit ee la xidhiidha si ay u codsadaan amaah, taas oo ah sida deynta caadiga ah u shaqeyso, ma aha DeFi.

Stablecoins

Nooca kale ee DeFi waa stablecoin. Lacagta loo yaqaan 'Cryptocurrencies' ayaa inta badan la kulma isbeddel qiimo badan marka loo eego lacagta fiat, taas oo aan wax wanaagsan u ahayn kuwa doonaya in ay ogaadaan inta lacagtoodu ay ku kici doonto usbuuc ka dib. ka stablecoins ku xidha lacagaha crypto iyo lacagaha kale, sida dollarka Maraykanka (es el caso del USDT Tether, algo cuestionado en los últimos meses), para mantener el precio bajo control. Como su nombre indica, las stablecoins Waxaa loogu talagalay inay keenaan "dejinta" qiimaha.

Suuqyada saadaalinta

Mid ka mid ah codsiyada DeFi ee ugu da'da weyn ee ku nool Ethereum waa waxa loogu yeero "suuqa saadaalinta", kaas oo isticmaalayaashu ay ku sharxayaan natiijada dhacdooyinka qaarkood, sida "Donald Trump ma ku guuleysan doonaa doorashada madaxtinimada ee 2020?"

Ujeedada ka qaybgalayaashu waa iska cad inay lacag helaan, inkastoo Suuqyada saadaalinta ayaa mararka qaarkood si fiican u saadaalin kara natiijooyinka marka loo eego hababka caadiga ah, sida sahanka. Suuqyada saadaasha dhexe ee leh rikoor wanaagsan oo arrintan ku saabsan waxaa ka mid ah Intrade iyo PredictIt. DeFi waxa ay awood u leedahay in ay kaxayso xiisaha suuqyada saadaasha maadaama ay dhaqan ahaan ka cadhaysiiyaan dawladuhu oo inta badan xidhaan marka si dhexe loo maareeyo.

DeFi FAQs

Sideen lacag uga samayn karaa DeFi?

El valor y la cantidad de dinero invertido en proyectos DeFi de Ethereum se ha disparado en el año 2021 gracias, en parte, a la popularidad de plataformas como PanCake Swap o UniSwap, y la proliferación de los tokens de tipo shitcoins, iyadoo isticmaaleyaal badan loo maleynayo inay lacag badan sameeyaan. Iyo sidoo kale kuwa kale oo laga badiyay sababtoo ah fiisa (scams) iyo rugpulls (oo lagu tuuray roogaga, oo tilmaamaya ka-noqoshada degdega ah iyo iyada oo aan ogeysiis hore loo helin raasumaalka bilowga ah ee uu maalgeliyay abuuraha calaamadda).

Waad ku mahadsan tahay sarrifka lacagaha iyo codsiyada amaahda ee ku saleysan Ethereum, Isticmaalayaashu waxay dhalin karaan "dakhli dadban" iyagoo amaahinaya lacagtooda oo kasbanaya dulsaarka deymaha.  Beerashada wax-soo-saarka, ee kor lagu sharraxay, waxay leedahay suurtogalnimada wax-soo-saarka xitaa sare, laakiin leh khatar weyn. Waxay u ogolaataa dadka isticmaala inay ka faa'iidaystaan ​​​​dhinaca amaahda ee DeFi u geli hantidaada crypto si aad u abuurto soo celinta ugu wanaagsan ee suurtogalka ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nidaamyadani waxay u muuqdaan kuwo adag oo inta badan ka maqan daahfurnaan.

Ammaan ma tahay in la maalgashado DeFi?

Ammaan ma aha inaad lacagtaada ku maalgeliso DeFi. Tani waa inay caddahay. Waa khatar. Qaar badan ayaa aaminsan in DeFi ay tahay mustaqbalka maaliyadda iyo in maalgelinta tignoolajiyada qaska ah goor hore ay horseedi karto faa'iido weyn. Laakiin way ku adag tahay dadka cusub inay kala saari karaan mashaariicda wanaagsan iyo kuwa xun. Runtuna waxay tahay in ay jireen kuwo badan oo xun. Dareenkan, waxaa lama huraan ah in la sameeyo shaqo cilmi baaris oo wanaagsan (dadaalka saxda ah) ka hor inta aanad lacag gelin nooc kasta oo ah mashruuca DeFi, calaamad, cryptocurrency ama shitcoin.

Sida DeFi uu kor ugu kacay dhaqdhaqaaqa iyo caannimada ilaa 2020, barnaamijyo badan oo DeFi ah, sida lacagta YAM meme, ayaa shilmay oo gubtay, iyaga oo u diraya $ 60 milyan suuqa oo hoos ugu dhacay 0 35 daqiiqo gudahood. Mashruucyada kale ee DeFi, sida Hotdog iyo Pizza, waxay la kulmeen nasiib isku mid ah, maalgashadayaasha badanna waxay lumiyeen lacag badan.

Intaa waxaa dheer, kutaannada DeFi ayaa weli ah nasiib darro aad u badan. Qandaraasyada casriga ah waa xoog badan yihiin, laakiin lama bedeli karo marka sharciyada lagu daro borotokoolka, inta badan waxay ka dhigayaan dhiqlaha mid joogto ah oo markaa kordhinaya khatarta.

DeFi ma noqon doonaa guud ahaan? Goorma ayuu DeFi tagi doonaa guud ahaan?

In kasta oo dad badan oo badan ay soo jiidanayaan barnaamijyada DeFi, way adagtahay in la sheego halka ay aadi doonaan. Waxay inta badan ku xiran tahay cidda u arka inay faa'iido u leeyihiin iyo sababta. Qaar badan ayaa aamminsan in mashaariicda kala duwan ee DeFi ay awood u leeyihiin inay noqdaan Robinhood-ka xiga (Barnaamijka caanka ah ee Ameerikaanka ee loogu talagalay maalgashiga saamiyada iyo soosaarayaasha), soo jiidashada tiro badan oo isticmaaleyaal cusub ah iyada oo ka dhigaysa codsiyada maaliyadeed mid loo wada dhan yahay oo u furan kuwa aan dhaqan ahaan marin u helin meelahaas.

DeFi waa rajo. Laakiin sidoo kale waa madax xanuun. Tignoolajiyadan maaliyadeed waa mid cusub, tijaabo ah, oo aan ka maarmin dhibaatooyinkeeda, gaar ahaan marka ay timaado amniga ama scalability.

Horumariyayaashu waxay rajeynayaan inay xaliyaan dhibaatooyinkan waqti ka dib. Ethereum 2.0 wuxuu wax ka qaban karaa arrimaha scalability iyada oo loo marayo fikradda loo yaqaan shaadhka, una forma de dividir la base de datos subyacente en piezas más pequeñas que sean más manejables para los usuarios individuales. Además, está por ver de qué es capaz la red DeFi que surgirá de los prometedores contratos inteligentes de ADA Cardano a finales del 2021.

Sidee Ethereum 2.0 u saameyn doontaa DeFi?

Ethereum 2.0 no será la solución definitiva de todos los problemas de DeFi, pero supondrá un buen punto de partida. Sobre todo por el mayúsculo aumento en la capacidad de transacciones que presentará, repercutiendo favorablemente en coste y rapidez. Otros protocolos, como Raiden y TrueBit, también se están preparando para resolver los problemas de escalabilidad de Ethereum.

Haddii xalalkan lagu dhaqmo, tijaabooyinka Ethereum DeFi waxay yeelan doonaan fursad wanaagsan oo ay ku noqdaan badeecado dhab ah, iyo xitaa inay noqdaan kuwo guud.

Bitcoin sida DeFi

Inkasta oo Ethereum uu yahay hogaamiyaha aduunka ee DeFi, qaar badan oo ka mid ah taageerayaasha Bitcoin ayaa wadaaga hadafka ah in laga saaro dhexdhexaadiyeyaasha macaamilada maaliyadeed ee ugu adag, waxayna sameeyeen habab ay sidaas ku sameeyaan iyagoo isticmaalaya nidaamka Bitcoin.

Shirkadaha sida DG Labs iyo Suredbits, tusaale ahaan, waxay ka shaqeynayaan tignoolajiyada Bitcoin DeFi ee loo yaqaan qandaraasyada ledgerka (DLC). DLC waxa ay bixisaa hab lagu fuliyo qandaraasyo maaliyadeed oo aad u adag, sida kuwa laga soo saaro, iyadoo la kaashanayo Bitcoin. Hal kiis oo loo isticmaalo DLC-yada ayaa ah in qof Bitcoin la siiyo kaliya haddii shuruudaha mustaqbalka qaarkood la buuxiyo, tusaale ahaan, haddii Real Madrid ay badiso kulankooda soo socda, lacagta waxaa la siin doonaa guuleystaha.

Lacagaha Cryptocurrencies ee DeFi ee ugu sarreeya (Julaay 2021)

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Serum 14,963,891 SRM
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